Page 260 of the textbook refers to one group dominating others, so that this group first takes over and then maintains power over one or more groups.
Hegemony in the marketplace refers to what is more popularly known as a Monopoly. For example, Microsoft is also called a Hegemony because it has the dominant operating system that is used in personal computers across the world, having snatched the lead position from Apple, and then maintaining the lead in the market for several decades.
Hegemony in politics could refer to one country dominating another for a long time, such as imperialism. The British Empire which colonialized several other countries could be thought of as a political hegemony.
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3 comments:
In my mind, it is inevitable that a group dominates other groups, like it is natural for some people to be more dominant than other people. Even in a democratic country we still elect leaders, give them power and trust them to make the right decisions on our behalf. The issue, in my mind, starts when the group or person dominating others no longer acts with the interest of the rest of the group and other people in mind but only thinks about their own interests and agenda. When this happens we talk about dictatorship or oppression. That lasts until another group takes over.
I find this an interesting concept due to all the external factors. There are many examples of one group dominating another... then losing that advantage. The biggest example I can think of this is sports - one team wins the championship... then the next year barely wins half their games. If a team wins two or three championships within a 5 year span, they begin to talk about that team's "dynasty". Success is fleeting and though one group may seize power, the league has a way of self-correction.
On the other hand, you have companies like the blog-mentioned Microsoft. I think Ebay is another prime example. Ebay is so powerful and entrenched in the auction market... that it would take an amazing confluence of resources, dedication, and luck for another company to have even a remote chance of taking over the online auction market. Not a lot of industry self-correction there.
Adding to the discussion -- I think it is important to realize that monopolies inspire creativity. If one company is excellent at what it does, then everyone will have to consider a new and exciting dimension to their own business. Take for example Craigslist, Etsy, and Ebay. Each company has considerable power within the marketplace and they all sell goods through online listings, but they all have a unique edge to offer:
Ebay sells items for cheap and allows users to determine the price they are willing to pay
Etsy sells homemade items, which inspires more creative ideas from small businesses. The items are unique and exciting.
Craigslist allows users to sell items independently without seller fees. It allows for direct transactions between buyer and seller without intervention
I consider these websites as sharing a similar concept of person-to-person transactions, but they each contribute a new idea to online marketing. Although Ebay will always dominate the auction market, the other markets are thriving and fostering a different set of values and ideals of selling and buying. These corporate leaders aren't necessarily a detriment to our society until they become unregulated by government.
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